Wound dressings

The 'Ideal Wound Dressing' should:

  • Maintain a moist environment at wound interface
  • Remove excess exudate without allowing 'strike through’ to surface of dressing
  • Provide thermal insulation and mechanical protection
  • Act as a barrier to micro-organisms
  • Allow gaseous exchange
  • Be no adherent and easily removed without trauma
  • Leave no foreign particles in wound
  • Be non-toxic, non-allergenic and non-sensitising
  • No single dressing is appropriate for all wound types and all stages of healing

Hydrocolloids e.g. Granuflex

  • Matrix of cellulose and other gel forming agents - gelatin and pectin
  • Occlusive dressing
  • Should be avoided if infection particularly with anaerobic organisms
  • Promotes autolysis and aids granulation
  • Can remain in place for up to a week
  • Over-granulation can occur

Alginates e.g. Kaltostat

  • Calcium and sodium salts of alginic acid obtained from seaweed
  • Highly absorbent
  • Useful in medium to heavily exudating wounds
  • Secondary covering is required
  • Forms a gel in contact with wound exudate

Foam dressings e.g. Lyofoam

  • Useful for moderately exudating wounds
  • Prevents 'strike through' of exudate to wound surface
  • Desloughs wounds by maintaining a moist environment

Hydrogels e.g. Intrasite Gel

  • High water content creates a moist wound surface
  • Debrides wounds by hydration and promotion of autolysis
  • Will absorb a light exudate
  • Not appropriate for heavily exudating wounds

Debriding agents

  • Remove eshcar and necrotic tissue
  • Do not maintain moist environment
  • Need frequent changes
  • Varidase = streptokinase
  • Aserbine = malic, benzoic and salicylic acids in a cream base
  • Damages granulation tissue and delays healing

Bibliography

 

 
 

Last updated: 05 January 2008

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